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Secrets of the Seashell
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If you have ever collected seashells, you know that they come in a wide range of shapes and colors. But why is that? Many things help decide a shell's appearance, including where it is formed and how it is used for protection.
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To understand a shell's appearance, it's important to first understand what shells are. Most seashells are the exoskeletons of different kinds of mollusks, such as snails, clams, and oysters. An exoskeleton is an animal's hard outer covering. As a mollusk grows, it uses chemicals from the sea to produce a compound of calcium, which becomes the hard exoskeleton. The exoskeleton shields the mollusk's soft, slimy body. When the mollusk dies, its soft body rots away or is eaten by a predator. Its exoskeleton may wash to the shore, where people call it a seashell.
A seashell's appearance is affected by its environment. For example, warmer waters tend to produce more colorful seashells. This is partly because warm waters contain more food sources for mollusks. The foods contain different pigments, substances that give them their color. Since mollusks in warmer waters eat foods with many different pigments, they create more colorful exoskeletons. Mollusks found in colder waters have a more limited food supply. Therefore, their exoskeletons tend to be darker and more uniform in color.
The main role of a mollusk's exoskeleton is to protect the mollusk inside. So, a shell's thickness and shape depend on how it is used for protection. Thin shells are lighter than thick shells. Thus, mollusks that avoid predators by swimming away often have thin shells. The shell's light weight allows the mollusk to move around more easily. To make up for their thinness, these shells often have spikes and ridges to give them more strength. In addition, the spikes and ridges give the mollusk extra protection against predators. Mollusks that burrow underground, like clams, also have thin shells so they can dig quickly. These mollusks have smooth shells, however, since predators cannot easily get to them underground. Finally, some mollusks form thick, heavy shells to deter predators. These heavy shells are difficult for predators to break through, and they also help anchor the mollusks to surfaces like rocks and mud.
Every seashell was once a mollusk's home. Each seashell was built differently in order to suit the creature living inside. These animals create shells that give them the best chance of living safely in their environments.
What is the text about?
It is about where to collect seashells.
It is about how seashells change their colors.
It is about how seashells develop sharp spikes and ridges.
It is about why seashells have different shapes and colors.
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